{"id":1753,"date":"2020-10-20T17:45:28","date_gmt":"2020-10-20T17:45:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/windsim.com\/?page_id=1753"},"modified":"2022-01-12T14:26:46","modified_gmt":"2022-01-12T14:26:46","slug":"windsim-11-actuator-disc-blockage-effect-model","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/windsim.com\/software\/windsim-11-actuator-disc-blockage-effect-model\/","title":{"rendered":"WindSim-11-actuator-disc-blockage-effect-model"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"1753\" class=\"elementor elementor-1753\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3ccf0929 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle\" data-id=\"3ccf0929\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2a108dc7\" data-id=\"2a108dc7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1b699d83 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1b699d83\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Actuator Disc &amp; Blockage Effect Model<\/h1>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5e5a831d elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5e5a831d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4ad69214 elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-hidden-phone\" data-id=\"4ad69214\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37022a2a elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-tablet elementor-nav-menu__text-align-aside elementor-nav-menu--toggle elementor-nav-menu--burger elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu\" data-id=\"37022a2a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;layout&quot;:&quot;vertical&quot;,&quot;submenu_icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;&lt;i class=\\&quot;fas fa-caret-down\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/i&gt;&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;},&quot;toggle&quot;:&quot;burger&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"nav-menu.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-vertical e--pointer-background e--animation-fade\">\n\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-1-37022a2a\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-329\"><a href=\"https:\/\/windsim.com\/learning-windsim\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Learning WindSim<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-330\"><a href=\"https:\/\/windsim.com\/library\/windsim-brochures\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">WindSim Brochures<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-331\"><a href=\"https:\/\/windsim.com\/library\/videos\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Videos<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-332\"><a href=\"https:\/\/windsim.com\/library\/papers-presentations\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Papers &#038; Presentations<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-335\"><a href=\"https:\/\/windsim.com\/library\/presentations-user-meetings\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Presentations User Meetings<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3198\"><a href=\"https:\/\/windsim.com\/software\/windsim-11-actuator-disc-blockage-effect-model\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Actuator disc &#038; blockage effect model<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3199\"><a href=\"https:\/\/windsim.com\/software\/windsim-11-meso-micro-coupling\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Meso-micro coupling<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-337\"><a href=\"https:\/\/windsim.com\/library\/annual-championship\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Annual championship<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-338\"><a href=\"https:\/\/windsim.com\/library\/3d-visualizations\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">3D Visualizations<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-340\"><a href=\"https:\/\/windsim.com\/library\/the-bolund-experiment\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">The Bolund Experiment<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-341\"><a href=\"https:\/\/windsim.com\/library\/norwegian-wind-atlas\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Norwegian Wind Atlas<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-342\"><a href=\"https:\/\/windsim.com\/library\/certified-users\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Certified Users<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-343\"><a href=\"https:\/\/windsim.com\/sailing\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Sailing<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-toggle\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Menu Toggle\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"elementor-menu-toggle__icon--open eicon-menu-bar\"><\/i><i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"elementor-menu-toggle__icon--close eicon-close\"><\/i>\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Menu<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-2-37022a2a\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-329\"><a href=\"https:\/\/windsim.com\/learning-windsim\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Learning WindSim<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-330\"><a href=\"https:\/\/windsim.com\/library\/windsim-brochures\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">WindSim Brochures<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-331\"><a href=\"https:\/\/windsim.com\/library\/videos\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Videos<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-332\"><a href=\"https:\/\/windsim.com\/library\/papers-presentations\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Papers &#038; Presentations<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-335\"><a href=\"https:\/\/windsim.com\/library\/presentations-user-meetings\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Presentations User Meetings<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3198\"><a href=\"https:\/\/windsim.com\/software\/windsim-11-actuator-disc-blockage-effect-model\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Actuator disc &#038; blockage effect model<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3199\"><a href=\"https:\/\/windsim.com\/software\/windsim-11-meso-micro-coupling\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Meso-micro coupling<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-337\"><a href=\"https:\/\/windsim.com\/library\/annual-championship\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Annual championship<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-338\"><a href=\"https:\/\/windsim.com\/library\/3d-visualizations\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">3D Visualizations<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-340\"><a href=\"https:\/\/windsim.com\/library\/the-bolund-experiment\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">The Bolund Experiment<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-341\"><a href=\"https:\/\/windsim.com\/library\/norwegian-wind-atlas\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Norwegian Wind Atlas<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-342\"><a href=\"https:\/\/windsim.com\/library\/certified-users\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Certified Users<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-343\"><a href=\"https:\/\/windsim.com\/sailing\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Sailing<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-333fcba2\" data-id=\"333fcba2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e9cf2e4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2e9cf2e4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div><p class=\"Intro\"><strong>The Actuator Disc and Blockage Model add-on in WindSim 11 Provides You a Remarkable Method for Simulating Speed Reduction in Both Upstream and Downstream.<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>New validated AD model<\/li><li>Automatic grid refinement<\/li><li>Visualization of two-dimensional speed reduction field<\/li><li>Speed dependent inclusion of the blockage effect<\/li><li>Full compatibility with all available WindSim models<\/li><li>AEP calculation<\/li><li>Wake Loss Calculation with the AD Model<\/li><li>Wake Loss Calculation with analytical Models<\/li><li>Bias of a Wakes-Only approach is provided<\/li><\/ul><div>\u00a0<\/div><p><strong>Actuator Disc Model<\/strong><\/p><\/div><div><p>The presence of wind turbines can influence the wind field in several ways. The application of analytical wake models in the post process is one attempt to partially account for the wind field-turbine interactions that are not covered by the CFD calculation. A more fundamental approach is to involve the turbines into the CFD calculation beforehand so that wind field-turbine interactions can be included in the solution procedure. This approach is realized by WindSim\u2019s Actuator Disc (AD) Model, where a turbine is represented in terms of a two-dimensional disc applying thrust forces to the wind field.<\/p><div align=\"center\"><div><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"actuator_disk_01\" src=\"https:\/\/windsim.com\/media\/88712\/actuator_disk_01.png\" alt=\"actuator_disk_01\" width=\"527\" height=\"\" \/><\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div><em>The turbulent kinetic energy is shown as an iso-surface where the colour indicates the 2D wind speed, a cross-section is depicted above representing the actuator disc area.<\/em><\/div><\/div><p>In the Disc Area, the resistance to the wind field modeled by these thrust forces is dynamically included in the CFD calculation. Therefore the turbine is modeled as a \u201creal obstacle\u201d in the wind field and resulting effects as wake effects and other wind field-turbine interactions are intrinsically contained in the CFD solution.<\/p><div align=\"center\"><div><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-2869 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/windsim.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/AD_block_single.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"898\" height=\"551\" srcset=\"https:\/\/windsim.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/AD_block_single.png 898w, https:\/\/windsim.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/AD_block_single-300x184.png 300w, https:\/\/windsim.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/AD_block_single-768x471.png 768w, https:\/\/windsim.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/AD_block_single-16x10.png 16w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 898px) 100vw, 898px\" \/><\/div><div><em>Shown is an AD model calculation for a single turbine. The resulting two dimensional wind speed (m\/s) at hub height for a CFD simulation with one AD at intermediate incoming wind speed is represented.<\/em><\/div><\/div><p>The AD model can be easily activated in the Terrain module with a corresponding objects file (.ows), WindSim then automatically include actuator discs at the turbine locations for all further calculations. After a velocity-dependent inclusion of the blockage effect, the outcome is summarized in the Energy module.<\/p><div>\u00a0<\/div><p><strong>What\u2019s new?<\/strong><\/p><\/div><div><p class=\"lightblue\">a. Validation<\/p><p>The actuator disc as well as the influence of the blockage effect have been tested for a lot of demo cases in order to connect the underlying technique with the variety of models and application possibilities provided by WindSim. The implemented windfarm blocking was not only tested systematically against these test cases but also against real wind farm data. Here it turned out that the implemented procedure is even suitable to reproduce rather small effects.<\/p><p class=\"lightblue\">b. All Directions Enabled<\/p><p>Since the Actuator Disc is represented as a staircase in the orthogonal grid for non-orthogonal wind directions the numerical conditions for different wind directions are not precisely the same. In the actuator disc implementation of WindSim 11 the applied thrust forces, therefore, follow a new weighting scheme in order to improve directional independence.<\/p><p class=\"lightblue\">c. Blockage Effect Model<\/p><p>Apart from the wake losses and the intrinsically included wake interactions, with the AD model, it is also possible to reproduce wind speed losses in front of the turbine. This is especially important when the speed losses in front of the turbines collectively form an area with reduced wind speed. This area is therefore blocked by the existence of the turbines and generally less wind speed is available.<\/p><div>\u00a0<\/div><p><strong>Blockage Effect<\/strong><\/p><p>CFD calculations clearly show the impact of the presence of a turbine in the wind field. This impact can not only be detected downstream but also upstream where a reduction of the wind speed in front of the turbine is the resulting effect. For more than one turbine this effect can become collective and appear as blocking of the whole windfarm area. This loss of wind speed is not available for energy production and consequently leads to the same rate of loss in annual energy production (AEP) that can typically range between 0% and 5%. To avoid a systematic overprediction of the AEP the consideration of the blockage effect is required.<\/p><p>In contrast, a speed-up region lateral to the turbine position and especially in between turbines can lead to an increase in wind speeds. This effect is naturally contained in the AD model as well and can even be included in the blockage effect calculation of WindSim (see the manual for more information). To include this effect into the wind resource assessment, WindSim provides a Blockage Model which is based on the described AD implementation.<\/p><div align=\"center\"><div><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"actuator_disk_03\" src=\"https:\/\/windsim.com\/media\/88722\/actuator_disk_03.png\" alt=\"actuator_disk_03\" width=\"527\" height=\"\" \/><\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div><em>The figure shows the absolute value of the two dimensional wind speed at hub height for a CFD calculation on flat Terrain. On the left hand side no turbines in terms of AD\u2019s are included, on the right hand side a very dense windfarm with 6&#215;6 turbines is modeled with the AD. Except for the wake effects, the reduced wind speed bubble in front of the turbines as well as an area of speed up lateral to the windfarm, can be observed. These effects can be simply explained by the imagination of a windfarm as a blocked area as shown by the sketch in the upper right corner.<\/em><\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><\/div><p>The basis of the blockage effect calculation within WindSim is given by the comparison between a calculation with and without AD. With the implemented calculation procedure it is still possible to run all common features of WindSim in connection with a Blockage Effect estimation. After a velocity dependent inclusion of the blockage effect, the outcome is summarized on the level of the Wind Resources and the Energy module in WindSim 11.<\/p><div align=\"center\"><div><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"actuator_disk_04\" src=\"https:\/\/windsim.com\/media\/88727\/actuator_disk_04.png\" alt=\"actuator_disk_04\" width=\"527\" height=\"\" \/><\/div><\/div><p>Here WindSim provides the estimation of wake losses by the AD model as well as via all analytical wake models available in WindSim. Apart from the specification of wake and blockage losses WindSim 11 provides the bias of an wakes-only approach which ensures full model control. For more information we refer to the description of the Add-on module available in the WindSim software.<\/p><div>\u00a0<\/div><\/div><div id=\"subNavigation\">\u00a0<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-75d5d968 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"75d5d968\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6557173f\" data-id=\"6557173f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6cc4630e\" data-id=\"6cc4630e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-15609ed0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"15609ed0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">DOWNLOAD<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-14ff1331 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"14ff1331\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-897ebaf\" data-id=\"897ebaf\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5b45b246 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5b45b246\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/windsim.com\/downloads\/latest-version\/windsim-11-download\/\">Windsim 11.0<\/a><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-508ad739\" data-id=\"508ad739\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-635ab35a elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"635ab35a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-16e86afc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"16e86afc\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-197d8b7f\" data-id=\"197d8b7f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48fc897d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48fc897d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/windsim.com\/downloads\/latest-version\/windsim-10-download\/\">Windsim 10.0<\/a><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-1cded759\" data-id=\"1cded759\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3d5aa32 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"3d5aa32\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Actuator Disc &amp; Blockage Effect Model The Actuator Disc and Blockage Model add-on in WindSim 11 Provides You a Remarkable Method for Simulating Speed Reduction in Both Upstream and Downstream. New validated AD model Automatic grid refinement Visualization of two-dimensional speed reduction field Speed dependent inclusion of the blockage effect Full compatibility with all available [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":119,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"content-type":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/windsim.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1753"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/windsim.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/windsim.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/windsim.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/windsim.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1753"}],"version-history":[{"count":19,"href":"https:\/\/windsim.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1753\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3505,"href":"https:\/\/windsim.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1753\/revisions\/3505"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/windsim.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/119"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/windsim.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1753"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}